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物流管理英语Chapter6教案

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物流管理英语Chapter6教案3篇 物流管理英语答案

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物流管理英语Chapter6教案3篇 物流管理英语答案

物流管理英语Chapter6教案1

  Chapter6 【相关】

  美媒:自由贸易终结?大萧条为美国提供前车之鉴

  环球时报特约记者李雪报道 据美国《华尔街日报》10月9日报道,20世纪30年代的经济大萧条期间,高关税和货币战争让美国付出了沉重代价。美国幽默作家大卫?巴里在其有关美国历史的书中称,美国通过高关税壁垒保护美国市场的《斯姆特-霍利关税法》行为,是人类历史上最糟糕、最具破坏性的事件。通过从历史中获得的教训,将帮助今天的美国避免犯下同样的错误。

  美国民众:自由贸易协定伤害了美国

  在国际贸易中,《斯姆特-霍利关税法》已经引发了诸多争论,最近更成为美国就业市场恢复缓慢的罪魁祸首。9月末,美国众议院通过立法对中国进行贸易制裁,除非中国人民币升值。上周美国对多种货币汇率降到历史最低点,国际货币基金组织常务董事在华盛顿年会上警告称,世界有可能爆发大萧条时代的竞争性货币贬值大战。更糟糕的是,美国两大主要政党都面临着中期选举的压力,他们似乎都愿意将不公平贸易作为突破口。

《华尔街日报》和国家广播公司最近公布的民调发现,53%的美国公众认为,自由贸易协定伤害了美国,而2007年和1999年持这种观点的人分别为46%和32%。1929年经济危机会重新爆发吗?美国正准备升起经济吊桥吗?试图以高关税壁垒保护美国市场的《斯姆特-霍利关税法》将重新回归吗?

《斯姆特-霍利关税法》只是大萧条时代政策决策者犯下的诸多错误之一。如果我们想要避免这种将全球经济拉下马、“以邻为壑”的贸易大战,我们必须从历史中汲取教训。美国前副总统戈尔曾宣称,《斯姆特-霍利关税法》是引起美国和全球经济大萧条的主要原因。但许多经济学家认为,尽管该法案导致四分之一劳动力失业,货币供应量和国内市场价格下降了三分之一,但导致大萧条经济灾难的根本原因在于功能失调的金本位制度和不合适的货币政策。

  提高关税伤害到美国农民 对中国加征关税很危险

《斯姆特-霍利关税法》臭名昭著,完全是一部在不合适时机提出的有欠思考的法案。实际上,它根本就是没有必要的。那么促使美国国会通过这部法案的动机是什么呢?当然是出于政治考虑,这也是今天特别需要关注的。

  这部关税法起初是为了帮助长期经历低迷的美国农民,降低农业价格导致严重的财政困境和抵押违约情况。国会的第一反应是通过农业价格补贴法案以增加农民收入,但总统柯立芝两次否定了这部法案。为了帮助农民,国会选择提高进口关税。问题是,大多数美国农民需要出口他们的农作物,而世界市场决定这些农产品的价格,提高关税对进口有限的美国农民帮助不大。

  更糟糕的是,国会未能对农产品的新关税加以限制,最后共和党与民主党同意对所有进口商品提高关税。正当国会努力满足国内利益时,立法者们却开始关注国际反应极其对美国出口的影响。美国的贸易伙伴感到愤怒,他们开始反击,美国最大的出口市场加拿大,对美国商品采取差别关税,并对美国的竞争者英国开放市场。尽管限制进口创造了部分就业机会,但因为更多外国需求减少,更多美国人失去了工作。

  历史不可能完全重演,今天美国的贸易保护情绪与20世纪20年代有所不同。美国不可能再重拾《斯姆特-霍利关税法》,其与世界经济的联系更加紧密,破坏贸易需要付出的代价也更高。我们似乎从历史中学到一些教训。首先,限制进口的行为很少能够达成预定目标。《斯姆特-霍利关税法》实际上伤害了美国农民。尽管一些人依然宣称对中国进行贸易制裁将在美国创造更多就业机会,但这些机会更有可能发生在低工资的发展中国家。奥巴马政府2009年对中国廉价轮胎施行的惩罚性关税,对国内轮胎生产和就业市场未发生影响,受益最大的是泰国和韩国轮胎生产商。

  更重要的是,我们必须明白外国对美国出口者的报复。中国是一个正在崛起的大国,它不会坐视受到贸易限制。近来,中国对美国家禽提高关税,就被认为是对奥巴马政府的反击,对中国实行贸易制裁是一项危险的策略。

  美国应停止谴责别人 美联储行动应更果决

  本文作者、美国达特茅斯学院经济学家道格拉斯?埃尔文和加州大学伯克利分校经济学家巴里?埃肯格林研究发现,20世纪30年代期间,坚持金本位制度的国家被迫采取紧缩货币政策,因为他们没有能力印刷足够货币抵消通货紧缩的压力,他们只能通过提高关税、施行进口配额和控制汇率限制进口。这些进口贸易壁垒阻碍了这些国家重启经济,结果他们遭受更长时间的经济萧条。

  与此相反,那些摆脱金本位制度、允许货币贬值的国家,不必采取贸易保护措施。他们利用货币政策终结通货紧缩和恢复经济增长。此外,与贸易限制不同,货币贬值也不是“以邻为壑政策”。因为潜在的货币扩张政策会促进经济增长,实际上也在帮助邻国。这些货币贬值国家的经济增长远比那些维持金本位制度的国家更快。

  我们从这里发现了与当前局势的关键联系,目下很可能就货币价值问题爆发贸易大战。如果所有大国央行都干预外汇市场,努力压低本国货币价值,没有人能够成功恢复正常汇率,这就相当于在世界范围内采取放松货币政策。更轻松的货币立场是20世纪30年代大萧条终结的关键。这就意味着,如果汇率不突然发生改变,贸易保护主义就将没有市场。另一方面,如果一些国家单方面干预货币,正常的汇率就会受到影响。20世纪30年的经验显示,这种情况很容易滋生出贸易摩擦,进而引发贸易保护反应。

  大萧条期间抵制贸易保护情绪的最重要工具就是促进经济增长的货币政策。在大萧条时代,当价格下降、失业率飙升时,这些政策发挥了重要作用,当时的情况与今天非常相似。如果通货紧缩的恐惧减退、就业市场增长更快,华盛顿采取贸易保护反应的压力就会降低。当经济表现专为良好后,有关货币的争论将不再重要。

  今天,美国决策者不应该将注意力集中在中国身上,而应集中在美联储上。但是近来,联邦储备银行的行长们就货币政策的未来和是否应该采取额外措施解决货币政策的问题,产生激烈争议,很多人倾向于采取增加货币供应量的“定量宽松”政策。现在,国会应该停止责备其他国家影响我们的就业市场恢复。如果美联储能够更果决地行动起来,不仅能够帮助美国经济,也能帮助挡开对经济造成持续性伤害的贸易保护措施。

物流管理英语Chapter6教案2

allow precious moments of my life to slip through my fingers

  During one late and cold stormy night, it was raining cats and two monkeys were getting drenched from head to elder of the two monkeys found a big leaf for them to hide young monkey said through his chattering teeth, “I’m so cold and I’m going to freeze to death.” So they decided to build a nice warm house,.The next morning, when the rains had stopped, they both decided to postpone building the house until the next of the two monkeys procrastination, the house was never monkeys’ laziness helped me realize my own bad habits and saying “ I can do it tomorrow” would only allow precious monuments of my life to slip through my is history, tomorrow is a mystery, and today is the present, a gift to live life to the fullest with no regrets.参考译文:

  不要让时光从你的指尖划过

  在一个寒冷的傍晚,下着瓢泼大雨。有两只猴子从头湿到了脚。老猴子找到了一片大树叶避雨。小猴子打着寒战说:“真是太冷了。”他们终于决定修建一座温暖的房子过冬。第二天早晨雨停了,他们把计划拖到了后天。日子就这样一天一天地过去了。由于两只猴子的拖拉,他们的房子一直没能建成。

  这两只懒惰猴子的故事,使我认清了自己的一个坏习惯。“我明天再去做“只能使宝贵的时光从指尖划过。昨天已是过去,明天还是未知。只有把握住今天,才能生活得充实而有意义。

物流管理英语Chapter6教案3

  Chapter 7

  International Logistics

  教学目的和要求:

  1、Gain an understanding of the characteristics of international logistics

  2、Get an overview of components of international logistics management

  3、Get the basic knowledge of trade terms and international insurance

  4、Be familiar with various international logistics intermediaries

  教学重点:

  1、The characteristics of international logistics

  2、Components of international logistics management

  3、Trade terms and international insurance

  4、Various international logistics intermediaries

  教学过程:

Words and Expressions

Trade and International Logistics

  The movement of goods across national boundaries

  1)Historical Development of International Logistics

  International logistics evolved into the art and science of determining eminently concrete aspects of business arrangement, from transportation and packaging, to warehousing and inventory )Definition of International Logistics

  International logistics is the process of planning, implementing and controlling the flow and storage of goods, services and information from the point of origin to a point of consumption(revised to between, since there is reverse logistics)located in a different logistics is actually about moving and exchanging goods across borders to promote world economic development and optimal allocation of world resources by utilizing international logistics network, facilities and technology based on the principle of international division of labors and collaboration and international ultimate objective is to get the right goods or services to the right place located in a different country, at the right time, lowest cost, minimum risk, and in the desired condition, by selecting the best way and method, while making the greatest contribution to the firm and the world as a )Features of International Logistics

  a)Difference in environment, higher risks

  b)Complex ways of transport

  C)Advanced information system

  D)Standardization requirement

  4)Government’s Interest in International Logistics

  a)Economic importance

  Cost of insurance and transport always accompany import and export, and they are service imported or )National defense concerns

  Transportation gave countries ability to project power domestically, regionally, and strengthened the economy by promoting trade that further improved the military )Government support for its international carriers

  Developing countries use their own carriers as a rate equalizer to avoid being exploited by the more developed countries and keep abreast of transport technically does not involve international trade but it should be is a worldwide practice and it means the each nation reserves for its own carriers the exclusive rights to carry domestic of International Logistics Management

  1)International Transportation

  International transportation is eminently more complicated, involving different modes of transportation, different carriers, different transportation documents, and much greater transit inherent risks and hazards are also much more significant.? Transport regulation

  The purpose of regulation is to ensure that transportation services are provided adequately and that users of these services are protected from excessive prices or unfair practices.? Cargo preference

  Preference cargos are the single most important incentive for -flag operators in the international trade to remain under cargo preference laws provide a vital base of cargo to help offset foreign-flag advantages.? Nondiscrimination

  Nondiscrimination is a legal concept designed to protect competition and fair business terms of international transportation, it means two carrier cannot charge different prices for similarly situated shippers, and they cannot refuse service to any shipper.? Cabotage

  Shipping cargo between two points in the same country is known as cabotage.? Equipment balance

  When there is the same amount of cargo going in both direction of a trade lane(trade balance), there will be the same amount of equipment going in both directions of that trade lane, this is called equipment )International Insurance

  a)The principal perils

? Free From Particular Average()? With Average()? All Risks

  b)Exclusions

? Loss or damage caused by the intentional act or fault of the Insured ? Loss or damage falling under the liability of the consignor ? Loss or damage arising from the inferior quality or shortage of the insured goods prior to the attachment of this insurance ? Loss or damage arising from normal loss, inherent vice or nature of the insured goods, loss of market and/or delay in transit and any expenses arising therefrom ? Risks and liability covered and excluded by the Ocean Marine Cargo War Risks Clauses and Strike, Riot and Civil Commotion Clauses of this Company

  C)Commencement and termination of cover

  This insurance attaches from the time the goods hereby insured leave the warehouse or place of storage named in the Policy for the commencement of the transit and continues in force in the ordinary course of transit including sea, land and inland waterway transits and transit in lighter until the insured goods are delivered to the consignee’s final warehouse or place of storage at the destination named in the Policy or to any other place used by the Insured for allocation or distribution of the goods or for storage other than in the ordinary course of )Duty of the insured

  It is the duty of the Insured to attend to all matters as specified hereunder, failing which the Company reserves the right to reject his claim for any loss if and when such failure prejudice the rights of the Company.? The Insured shall take delivery of the insured goods in good time upon their arrival at the port of destination named in the the event of any damage to the goods, the Insured shall immediately apply for survey to the survey and/or settling agent stipulated in the the insured goods are found short in entire package or packages or to show apparent traces of damage, the Insured shall obtain from the carrier, bailee or other relevant authorities certificate of loss or damage and/or shorthanded the carrier, bailee or the other relevant authorities be responsible for such shortage or damage, the Insured shall lodge a claim with them in writing and, if necessary, obtain their confirmation of an extension of the time limit of validity of such claim.? The Insured shall, and the Company may also, take reasonable measures immediately in salvaging the goods or prevention or minimizing a loss or damage measures so taken by the Insured or by the Company shall not the considered respectively, as a waiver of abandonment hereunder, or as an acceptance case of a change of voyage or any omission or error in the description of the interest, the name of the vessel or voyage, this insurance shall remain in force only upon prompt notice to this company when the Insured becomes aware of the same and payment of an additional premium if required The following documents should accompany any claim hereunder made against this Company: Original Policy, Bill of Lading, Invoice, Packing List, Tally Sheet, Weigh Memo, Certificate of Loss or Damage and/or Shortland Memo, Survey Report, Statement of Claim If any third party is involved, documents relative to pursuing of recovery from such party should also be notice should be given to the Company when the Cargo Owner’s actual responsibility under the contract of affreightment “Both to Blame Collision” clause becomes known.?

?

?

  e)The time of validity of a claim

  The time of validity of a claim under this insurance shall not exceed a period of two years counting from the time of completion of discharge of the insured goods from the seagoing vessel at the final port of )Packaging

  4)Terms of Payment

  International means of payment are more involved, with the risks of nonpayment and currency fluctuation calling for specific strategies that are never used in domestic risk is higher in international transactions for: ? less credit information is available ? lack of personal contact: no way to evaluate the character of the importer ? collections are difficult and expensive ? no easy legal recourse: there is no court with jurisdiction over international disputes ? mistrust

  a)Cash in Advance

  In a Cash in Advance transaction, the exporter requests that the customer provide payment in advance, before the shipment of the goods can take is usually made with an electronic SWIFT fund transfer from the customer’s bank to the exporter’s bank.? Buyers in an area of instability ? Buyer has bad credit ? Exchange rate control ? Goods are made to order ? Buyer’s market

  b)Open account

  The exporter just sends an invoice to the importer along with the shipment and trusts the customer to pay within a reasonable amount of opposite to Cash in )Documentary collection

  It is a process by which an exporter asks a bank to “safeguard” its interests in the foreign country by not releasing the documents(B/L)until the importer satisfies certain requirements, most often paying the exporter(D/P)or signing a financial document(a draft)promising that it will pay the exporter within a given amount of time(acceptance)(D/A).d)Letters of credit

  a L/C is a conditional payment commitment of the bank in addition to commercial credit that it will pay the “beneficiary” upon the presentation of certain exporter and the importer agree on a sale under “Letter of Credit” terms.? The importer/buyer applies for an LC from bank.? The importer’s bank(issuing bank)issues a LC and sends it to the exporter’s bank(notification bank)? The Notification bank notifies the exporter that an L/C was issued, and it is OK to ship the goods to the notification bank should check a number of things: L/C is drawn on a legitimate bank, content meets requirement, irrevocable L/C.? The exporter ships the goods and gives documents to Notification bank.? The Notification bank checks that the documents match the requirements of the LC, and sends them to the Issuing bank verifies that the documents match the requirements of the LC and notifies the importer that everything is in order.? The issuing bank pays seller and buyer pays issuing )Trade Terms

? EXW ? FCA ? FAS ? FOB ? CFR ? CIF ? CPT ? CIP ? DES ? DEQ ? DAF ? DDU ? DDP

  6)Customs and Customs Clearance

  a)What does Customs do

? National security is a broad area that refers mostly to military threats.? Revenue collection by customs is the source of funds for the country.?

? Managed trade and competitiveness refer to policies to promote the nation’s economy.? Gray making importing, also known as parallel importing, refers to the practice of importing a product contrary to the wishes of the producer, who normally has their official distributor.? Protecting national interests is the catchall for any goal the nation wishes to )How does Customs operate

  entry restriction-certain products may be completely restricted from entry, or only under certain vary are simply a nominal tax, while other are intended to discourage imports of a certain requires that certain information be provided on imports and data on economic trends is collected this reason for submitting information is to control the import/export of some )Inventory Management

  Major international inventory issues are longer performance cycle, more in-transit inventory, border crossings, more complex location decisions, more shrinkage and more safety Logistics Infrastructure

  1)Free Trade Zone

  a Free Trade Zone is, for Customs purposes, still “outside” of the country;goods can be shipped to the FTZ without being subject to duty and in the FTZ, the goods can be transformed, assembled, repackaged, and so the goods are re-exported, they never pay duty in the host country in which the FTZ is located;if they are sold in the host country, it is only after leaving the FTZ that they have to pay main reasons for using FTZ

? Delay tariff ? Avoid tariffs before shipment ? Processing ? Correct mistakes ? Sell

  Merchandise in a FTZ may be stored, repackaged, repaired, tested, relabeled, displayed as well as manufactured, assembled, salvaged and )Ports

  a port is the intersection of different modes of that influence the competitiveness of ports:

? Location in relation to markets ? Location in relation to its competitors ? Inland connections ? Infrastructure and technology ? Accessibility to the trade lane ? Management

  Most ports are run by a commission assigned by a local or regional government, called port of port authorities:

? Landlord port: the landlord port is one in which the port owns and manages infrastructure, and private parties mange everything else.? Tool port: the port also owns the superstructures, but private parties rent assets through concessions or licenses.? Service port: the service port is where the port has completed ownership and management.? Privately owned port

Logistics Intermediaries and Logistics Alliances

  Intermediaries refer to many companies or individuals that facilitate of them work for shippers, some for carriers, and some for these arrangements become more elaborate, such as )Main International Logistics Intermediaries/Facilitators

  International Logistics Intermediaries function as third-party logistics providers, firms that provide outsourced or “third party” logistics services to companies for part, or sometimes all of their supply chain management party logistics providers typically specialize in integrated operation, warehousing and transportation services that can be scaled and customized to customer’s needs based on market conditions and the demands and delivery service requirements for their products and of International Logistics Intermediaries or facilitators:

? International freight forwarder is an individual or a company that books or otherwise arranges space for shipments between countries via common carriers.? Customs brokers are private individuals, partnerships, associations or corporations licensed, regulated and empowered by Customs to assist importers and exporters in meeting national requirements governing imports and exports.? Non-vessel Operating Common Carriers(NVOCC)buy space from carriers and resell essentially act as if they were a carrier, but they do not own or control any of the ships, planes, etc.? Export Trading Company(ETC)and Export Management Company(EMC)assist companies in marketing their product in other )International Logistics Alliances

  In logistics, at least as much as any other industry, there has been a strong trend toward alliances in order to promote of a good match:

? Individual excellence ? Importance ? ? ? ? ? ? Interdependence Investment Information Integration Institutionalization Integrity 11

物流管理英语Chapter6教案3篇 物流管理英语答案

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